multi-generation family at the daughter's graduation
October 5

World Meningitis Day

The best way to fight back against meningitis? Knowledge.

Every day, meningitis changes lives – and claims lives – in every part of the world. But you have the power to change that. You can fight back by better knowing your enemy.

Thank you for your interest in our World Meningitis Day education program. Scroll down to find our ebook on pediatric meningitis/encephalitis, on-demand webinars, clinical case studies and more.

Monthly distribution of invasive Group A Streptococcal (iGAS) disease in children in Spain between 2019 and 2022
Monthly distribution of invasive Group A Streptococcal (iGAS) disease in children in Spain between 2019 and 2022 (1)
Global increase in invasive group A streptococcal infections

Beginning in 2022, we saw a global increase in invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS, Streptococcus pyogenes) infections (1). This trend has continued into 2024, with children and older adults at greatest risk (2).

Despite being a rare cause of bacterial meningitis, iGAS should be considered in all cases of childhood meningitis. It is frequently associated with complications, sequelae and death.

For appropriate management of iGAS with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, adjustment of targeted antimicrobial therapy is crucial. Identifying the causative pathogen early can help clinicians provide targeted treatment sooner.

Increasing prevalence of Streptococcus pyogenes in meningitis

We've seen an uptick in CNS infections linked to S. pyogenes in our own data. Analyzing our QIAsphere Insights epidemiology data for QIAstat-Dx ME Panel tests from 2023 (3), we saw:

  • S. pyogenes accounted for 3.7% of all QIAstat-Dx ME Panel detections, covering both viruses and bacteria
  • When looking at only bacteria, S. pyogenes accounted for 9.3% of all detections
Unlike some other syndromic tests, QIAstat-Dx ME Panel includes a target for S. pyogenes.
Positive detections in 2023 using QIAstat-Dx ME Panel
Positive detections in 2023 using QIAstat-Dx ME Panel (3)
Number of viral meningoencephalitis cases in 2013, 2021 and 2023 for different age ranges
Number of viral meningoencephalitis cases in 2013, 2021 and 2023 for different age ranges (4)
Pre-pandemic levels of viral meningitis, increased HSV detection

A prospective analysis of viral meningitis in England from 2013–2023 shows there’s been a recent rebound in rates of illness to pre-pandemic levels (4). This is mainly impacting infants aged < 3 months.

  • Between 2022–2023, enterovirus, parechovirus and herpes simplex virus (HSV) accounted for the majority of cases of viral meningitis
  • Rates of viral meningitis caused by HSV increased 2.5 fold in 2023 compared to 2013, potentially due to increased use of syndromic panel testing
  • While rare, HSV infections with CNS involvement are associated with significant neonatal morbidity and mortality. Early detection of these infections can improve patient outcomes
Molecular testing in the absence of pleocytosis can improve patient management

In a recent analysis of suspected pediatric CNS infections, over 60% of cases showed an absence of pleocytosis. But 30.8% of these cases still tested positive for a virus (5).

  • 58% of neonates with enteroviral infections had no pleocytosis.
  • Patients who lacked pleocytosis, but underwent testing and tested positive for a virus, were discharged sooner than those without a viral detection.
  • These results indicate that molecular testing can identify the cause of symptoms sooner in suspected CNS infections, leading to earlier targeted treatment, reduced antimicrobial use and shorter hospital stays.
Get the right diagnosis the first time

Clinical case #1: Seeing beyond the symptoms with QIAstat-Dx ME Panel

Molecular assay performed: QIAstat‑Dx ME Panel

QIAstat-Dx ME Panel test report showing detection of S. pyogenes

Clinical case #2: No antibiotics prescribed due to fast results from QIAstat-Dx ME Panel

Provided by Dr. José-Román Muñoz del Rey, Specialist in Microbiology and Parasitology at Virgen del Puerto Plasencia Hospital, Spain.

Looking for even more? Watch on-demand webinars from infectious disease experts working in the clinic and lab.
Katie Hardy and Katie Harrod Webinar On Demand

Stories from the frontlines of meningitis care in the UK

Speakers: Katie Hardy, PhD, Consultant Clinical Scientist Infection Control Doctor, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, UK and Katie Harrod, Trainee Clinical Scientist, NHS, UK

Learn how a UK hospital is transforming the management of meningitis and encephalitis with a syndromic test, QIAstat-Dx Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel. Explore the results of a pediatric clinical impact study, practical tips for implementing syndromic ME testing and real-world cases demonstrating the value of syndromic panels in patient care.

Liliana Gabrielli Webinar On-demand

Quick and effective diagnosis of meningitis and gastroenteritis

Speaker: Liliana Gabrielli, MD Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, Italy
When a patient is critically ill, a quick diagnosis is crucial. Join Dr. Liliana Gabrielli as she evaluates rapid molecular testing in the diagnosis of central nervous system and gastrointestinal infections.

Thomas Sundelin Webinar On-demand cover

Quickly diagnosing meningitis and encephalitis

Speaker: Thomas Sundelin Ph.D., Clinical Microbiology Department, Herlev Hospital, Denmark
In this webinar, Dr. Sundelin discusses the clinical validation of a rapid multiplex PCR test for central nervous system infections, the QIAstat-Dx Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel.

References 
  1. Cobo-Vázquez E, Aguilera-Alonso D, Carrasco-Colom J, Calvo C, Saavedra-Lozano J; PedGAS-net Working Group. Increasing incidence and severity of invasive Group A streptococcal disease in Spanish children in 2019-2022. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2023;27:100597. doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100597
  2. Valcarcel Salamanca B, Cyr PR, Bentdal YE, et al. Increase in invasive group A streptococcal infections (iGAS) in children and older adults, Norway, 2022 to 2024. Euro Surveill. 2024;29(20):2400242. doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.20.2400242
  3. From QIAstat-Dx Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel (Cat. No. 691611) epidemiology dashboards in QIAsphere Insights, January 2023 – December 2023 for EMEA
  4. Kadambari S, Abdullahi F, Celma C, Ladhani S. Epidemiological trends in viral meningitis in England: Prospective national surveillance, 2013-2023. J Infect. 2024;89(3):106223. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106223
  5. Akiva, M.H., Hakim, M.B., & Keidar-Friedman, D. (2024, May). EP397 / #1627: Viral meningitis in children and infants without cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. Poster session presented at the European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  6. WHO. Defeating Meningitis by 2030. https://www.who.int/initiatives/defeating-meningitis-by-2030
  7. Cailleaux M, Pilmis B, Mizrahi A, et al. Impact of a multiplex PCR assay (FilmArray®) on the management of patients with suspected central nervous system infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;39(2):293-297. doi:10.1007/s10096-019-03724-7
  8. Posnakoglou L, Siahanidou T, Syriopoulou V, Michos A. Impact of cerebrospinal fluid syndromic testing in the management of children with suspected central nervous system infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;39(12):2379-2386. doi:10.1007/s10096-020-03986-6
  9. Moffa MA, Bremmer DN, Carr D, et al. Impact of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay on the clinical management of adults undergoing a lumbar puncture for suspected community-onset central nervous system infections. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(6):282. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9060282

* Data presented is for the QIAstat-Dx Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel (Cat. No. 691611); QIAstat-Dx Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel Instructions for Use. QIAGEN, January 2024.

** Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii are both detected, but not differentiated, with QIAstat-Dx Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel.

In some cases, data cited pertains to the use of a device from another manufacturer.

QIAsphere data from connected institutions were used for scientific research purposes only after applying proper de-identification procedures and anonymization techniques, in accordance with HIPAA and GDPR privacy and data protection rules. Data is aggregated from QIAsphere-connected QIAstat-Dx instruments only.

The QIAstat-Dx ME Panel is indicated as an aid in the diagnosis of specific agents that cause meningitis and/or encephalitis, and results must be used in conjunction with other clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory data. Results from the QIAstat-Dx ME Panel are not intended to be used as the sole basis for diagnosis, treatment, or other patient management decisions. Positive results do not rule out co-infection with organisms not included in the QIAstat-Dx ME Panel. The agent or agents detected may not be the definite cause of the disease. Negative results do not preclude central nervous system (CNS) infection.

Product availability may differ from country to country based on regulations and approvals. Contact your country representative for further details. For up-to-date licensing information and product-specific disclaimers, see the respective QIAGEN kit instructions for use or user manual. QIAGEN instructions for use and user manuals are available at www.qiagen.com or can be requested from QIAGEN Technical Services (or your local distributor).