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The MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) pathway is one of the primordial signaling systems that nature has used in several permutations to accomplish an amazing variety of tasks. It exists in... Show details |
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Engagement of integrin receptors with extracellular ligands gives rise to the formation of complex multi-protein structures that link the ECM (Extracellular Matrix) to the cytoplasmic Actin ... Show details |
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Normal mammalian sexual maturation and reproductive functions require the integration and precise coordination of hormones at the hypothalamic, pituitary, and gonadal levels. The hypothalamic GnRH... Show details |
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The ECM (Extracellular Matrix) provides the structural framework for the formation of tissues and organs. The ECM binds to substrate adhesion molecules on the surface of cells and influences... Show details |
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Cancer is a multistep process that includes deregulation of cell cycle, transformation, invasion of stroma, angiogenesis and metastasis. Angiogenesis is an essential component for tumor... Show details |
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Adhesive interactions between cells and ECM (Extracellular Matrix) proteins play a vital role in biological processes, including cell survival, growth, differentiation, migration, inflammatory... Show details |
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Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways are evolutionarily conserved kinase modules that link extracellular signals to the machinery that controls fundamental cellular processes such as growth,... Show details |
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Cancer cell genotypes are a manifestation of six essential alterations in cell physiology that collectively dictate malignant growth; self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to... Show details |
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Inositol lipid-specific PLC (Phospholipase-C) isozymes are key signaling proteins in the cellular action of many hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors, and other extracellular stimuli. PLC... Show details |
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The PI3K (Phosphatidylinositde-3-Kinase) family of enzymes regulate diverse biological functions in every cell type by generating lipid second messengers that ultimately results in the mediation... Show details |
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Tumorigenesis is the result of abnormal activation of growth programs in the cells. Most oncogene and tumor suppressor gene products are components of signal transduction pathways that control... Show details |
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The Rho family of small GTP-binding proteins comprises a group of signaling molecules that are activated by a variety of Growth factors, Cytokines, Adhesion molecules, Hormones, Integrins,... Show details |
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The migratory properties of leukocytes or WBCs (White Blood Cells) are indispensable to drive immune responses throughout the body. Leukocytes fall under two categories according to their... Show details |
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Proteases are expressed by normal cells in tissue remodeling events and also during pathological events such as tumor invasion and metastasis. Some of the proteases including serine proteinases... Show details |