HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase
For highly specific amplification with minimal optimization
- Minimal optimization requirements
- High PCR specificity
- Easy handling and room-temperature setup
HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase uses a chemically mediated hot start that, unlike, antibody-mediated systems, leads to complete inactivation of the polymerase until the initial heat activation step at the start of PCR. HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase is supplied with the unique QIAGEN PCR Buffer, which minimizes nonspecific amplification products, primer dimers, and background. Q-Solution, a novel additive that enables efficient amplification of "difficult" (e.g., GC rich) templates, is also provided.
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HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase (250 U)
250 units HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase, 10x PCR Buffer, 5x Q-Solution, 25 mM MgCl2
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203203
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HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase (1000 U)
4 x 250 units HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase, 10x PCR Buffer, 5x Q-Solution, 25 mM MgCl2
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203205
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HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase (5000 U)
1 x 5000 units HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase, 1 x HotStarTaq Buffer Set (1 x 22 ml PCR Buffer, 1 x 40 ml Q-Solution, 1 x 22 ml MgCl2)
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203207
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HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase (25000)
100 x 250 units HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase, 100 x 1.2 ml HotStarTaq Buffer Set, 100 x 2.0 ml Q-Solution, 100 x 1.2 ml MgCl2
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203209
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HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase は分子生物学実験用です。疾病の診断、治療または予防の目的には使用することはできません。
HotStarTaq procedure.|Superior performance.|Amplification of difficult templates.|Higher specificity with different primer–template systems.|Effect of hot start on RT-PCR performance.|Highly sensitive single-cell PCR.|Tolerance to variable temperature and magnesium concentrations.|Increased specificity of primer annealing.|
The HotStarTaq procedure is fast and easy for maximum convenience.|A 497 bp fragment was amplified from 50 copies of an HIV-pol-gene construct which had been added to 1 µg human genomic DNA. Different hot-start enzymes were employed: HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase from QIAGEN (HotStarTaq); hot-start enzyme from Supplier AII (Hot-start enzyme); Taq-antibody mixture from Supplier L (Antibody-mediated); enzyme without hot start from Supplier R (No hot start). Specific PCR product is indicated by the arrow. Equal volumes of the reaction were analyzed on a 2% agarose gel. M: markers.|Two different primer–template systems were amplified in duplicate using QIAGEN PCR Buffer and Taq DNA Polymerase in the absence (–) or presence (+) of 1x Q-Solution. Q-Solution enables specific amplification of difficult templates. [A] human angiotensin receptor II gene; [B] mouse protein kinase C gene; M: markers.|Three different primer–template systems were amplified under the same conditions with either Taq DNA polymerase from Supplier R (R) or with HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase (H). System 1: A 1.1 kb fragment of a D-IgI homolog was amplified from human genomic DNA. System 2: A 296 bp fragment from the chromosomal region correlated with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis was amplified from human genomic DNA. System 3: A 214 bp fragment of the β-actin gene was amplified from cDNA synthesized from total RNA. M: markers.|A 1.1 kb fragment of the human interleukin 1 receptor (type II) gene was amplified from cDNA. Amplification reactions were prepared in triplicate using Taq DNA polymerase and buffer from Supplier L(No hot start); antibody-mediated hot start using enzyme and buffer from Supplier L (Antibody-mediated); and HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase and PCR Buffer from QIAGEN (HotStarTaq). M: markers.|A 500 bp fragment of the murine p53 gene was amplified from single cells isolated by flow cytometry, and directly sorted into individual PCR tubes. Reactions were prepared in parallel using HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase and PCR Buffer from QIAGEN (HotStarTaq), a hot-start enzyme and buffer from Supplier AII (Hot-start enzyme), or antibody-mediated hot start and buffer from Supplier L (Antibody-mediated). M: markers.|[A] PCR amplification at the indicated annealing temperatures using QIAGEN PCR Buffer and Taq DNA Polymerase (QIAGEN). The same PCR was performed in parallel using PCR buffer and Taq DNA polymerase from another supplier (Supplier AII). The single-copy human cystic fibrosis gene was amplified. M: markers. [B] Tolerance to Variable Magnesium Concentration. PCR amplification at the indicated Mg2+ concentrations using QIAGEN PCR Buffer and Taq DNA Polymerase (QIAGEN). The same PCR was performed in parallel using PCR buffer and Taq DNA polymerase from another supplier (Supplier AII). The single-copy human prion protein gene was amplified. M: markers.|Ammonium and potassium cations in QIAGEN PCR Buffers increase specificity of primer annealing. K+ binds to the phosphate groups (P–) on the DNA backbone, stabilizing the annealing of the primers to the template. NH4+, which exists both as the ammonium ion and as ammonia under thermal-cycling conditions, can interact with the hydrogen bonds between the bases (B), destabilizing the weak hydrogen bonds at mismatched bases. The combined effect of the two cations maintains a high ratio of specific-to-nonspecific primer-template binding over a wide temperature range.|
Performance
Each lot of HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase is subjected to a comprehensive range of quality control tests, including a stringent PCR specificity and reproducibility assay in which low-copy targets are amplified. HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase outperformed kits tested from other suppliers and ensures high specificity and superior performance in hot-start PCR (see figures "Higher specificity with different primer–template systems" and "Superior performance" and table). The innovative PCR buffer provided with the kit ensures specificity over a wide range of PCR conditions, minimizing the need for optimization (see figure Tolerance to variable temperature and magnesium concentrations). Suboptimal PCR can be improved with Q-Solution, also provided with the kit (see figure "Amplification of difficult templates"). Together, these components ensure specific amplification in a range of applications (see figure "Effect of hot start on RT-PCR performance" and "Highly sensitive single-cell PCR").
| Specific amplification |
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| Minimal PCR optimization |
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| Easy to use |
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HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase specifications
Concentration: 5 units/µl
Recombinant enzyme: Yes
Substrate analogs: dNTP, ddNTP, dUTP, biotin-11-dUTP, DIG-11-dUTP, fluorescent-dNTP/ddNTP
Extension rate: 2–4 kb/min at 72°C
Half-life: 10 min at 97°C ; 60 min at 94°C
Amplification efficiency: ≥105 fold
5'–>3' exonuclease activity: Yes
Extra A addition: Yes
3'–>5' exonuclease activity: No
Contaminating nucleases: No
Contaminating RNases: No
Contaminating proteases: No
Self-priming activity: No
Principe
HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase, a modified form of Taq DNA Polymerase, provides high specificity in hot-start PCR. The kit includes an innovative dual-cation PCR buffer, Q-Solution, and MgCl2.
HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase
HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase is supplied in an inactive state and has no polymerase activity at ambient temperatures. This prevents extension of nonspecifically annealed primers and primer dimers formed at low temperatures during PCR setup and the initial PCR cycle (see figures "Superior performance in hot-start PCR" and "Higher specificity with different primer–template systems"). HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase is activated by a 15-minute incubation at 95°C, which can be incorporated into any existing thermal-cycler program.
QIAGEN PCR Buffer
QIAGEN PCR Buffer maintains specific amplification in every cycle of PCR by promoting a high ratio of specific-to-nonspecific primer binding during the annealing step in each PCR cycle (see figure "Increased specificity of primer annealing"). Owing to a uniquely balanced combination of KCl and (NH4)2SO4, the buffer provides stringent primer-annealing conditions over a wider range of annealing temperatures and Mg2+ concentrations than conventional PCR buffers. Optimization of PCR by varying the annealing temperature or the Mg2+ concentration is therefore often minimal or not required (see figure Tolerance to variable temperature and magnesium concentrations).
Q-Solution
Q-Solution, an innovative PCR additive that facilitates amplification of difficult templates by modifying the melting behavior of DNA, is also provided with HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase. This unique reagent improves suboptimal PCR caused by templates that have a high degree of secondary structure or with GC-rich templates (see figure "Amplification of difficult templates"). Unlike other commonly used PCR additives such as DMSO, Q-Solution is used at just one working concentration, is nontoxic, and PCR purity is guaranteed. Adding Q-Solution to the PCR does not compromise PCR fidelity.
Procédure
HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase is supplied with a streamlined, optimized protocol for fast and easy PCR setup. HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase is activated by a 15-minute, 95°C incubation step, which can easily be incorporated into existing thermal cycling programs. Reactions can be set up at room temperature, ensuring greater convenience and ease of use (see figure " HotStarTaq procedure").
Applications
HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase is suitable for a wide variety of applications, including challenging applications, such as amplification of:
- Complex genomic templates
- Complex cDNA templates (e.g., RT-PCR)
- Very low-copy targets (e.g., single-cell PCR)
- Reactions with multiple primer pairs
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Feature
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Specifications
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Applications
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PCR, RT-PCR, Complex genomic templates, very low-copy targets
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Enzyme activity
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5' -> 3' exonuclease activity
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Mastermix
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No
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Reaction type
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PCR amplification
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Real-time or endpoint
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Endpoint
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Sample/target type
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Genomic DNA and cDNA
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Single or multiplex
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Single
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With/without hotstart
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With hotstart
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HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase; HotStarTaq Master Mix Kit - For highly specific hot-start PCR without optimization
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マイクロダイセクションにより採取した組織サンプルからのDNA分離およびHotStarTaq DNA Polymeraseを用いた増幅
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HotStarTaq操作手順
HotStarTaq操作手順は迅速かつ容易で最高の使いやすさを実現する。
卓越した性能
ヒトゲノムDNA 1 μgに添加されたHIV-pol遺伝子50コピーから、497 bpフラグメントを増幅した。様々なホットスタート酵素を用いた:QIAGENのHotStarTaq DNA Polymerase(HotStarTaq)、AII社のホットスタート酵素(Hot-start enzyme))、L社のTaq 抗体ミックス(Antibody-mediated)、R社のホットスタートではない酵素(No hot start)。矢印は特異的なPCR産物を示す。各PCR反応液から同量を2%アガロースゲルにロードした。M:マーカー。
増幅困難なテンプレートの増幅
2種類のプライマー/テンプレートシステムにおいて、1x Q-Solutionの非存在下(–)あるいは存在下(+)で、QIAGEN PCR BufferとTaq DNA DNA Polymeraseを用いてduplicateで増幅した。Q-Solutionは増幅困難なテンプレートの特異性の高い増幅を実現する。[A] ヒトアンジオテンシンレセプターII遺伝子;[B] マウスプロテインキナーゼC遺伝子、M:マーカー。
異なるプライマー/テンプレートシステムにおける高特異性
3種類の異なるプライマー/テンプレートシステムでR社のTaq DNA polymerase(R)、あるいはHotStarTaq DNA Polymerase(H)を用い、同じ条件下でPCRを行なった。システム 1:ヒトゲノムDNAからD-IgIの1.1 kbのフラグメントを増幅した。システム 2:ヒトゲノムDNAからX連鎖性若年性網膜分離症に関与している領域の296 bpのフラグメントを増幅した。システム 3:トータルRNAより合成されたcDNAからβ-Actinの214 bpのフラグメントを増幅した。M:マーカー。
RT-PCR におけるホットスタートの効果
ヒト・インターロイキン1レセプター(タイプII)遺伝子の1.1kbフラグメントをcDNAから増幅した。増幅反応は以下の組み合わせで3セット調製した。 L社のTaq DNA polymeraseとバッファー(No hot start); L社の抗体修飾した酵素とバッファー(Antibody-mediated); QIAGENのHotStarTaq DNA PolymeraseとPCR Buffer(HotStarTaq)。M:マーカー.
高感度のシングルセルPCR
フローサイトメトリーを用いて直接各PCRチューブに分離した1個の細胞からマウスp53 遺伝子の500 bp フラグメントを増幅した。各反応は以下の組み合わせで行なった:QIAGENのHotStarTaq DNA PolymeraseとPCR Buffer(HotStarTaq)、AII社のホットスタート酵素とバッファー(Hot-start enzyme)、L社の抗体修飾した酵素とバッファ(Antibody-mediated)。M:マーカー。
異なったマグネシウム濃度への適応
表記のMg2+濃度で、QIAGEN PCR BufferとTaq DNA Polymerase(QIAGEN)を用いてPCR反応を行なった。同じ条件のPCR反応をAII社のPCRバッファーとTaq DNA polymerase を用いて行なった。QIAGENの酵素およびバッファーを使った場合にはシングルコピーのヒトプリオンタンパク遺伝子が良好に増幅された。M:マーカー。
プライマーアニーリングの特異性増大
QIAGEN PCR Buffer中のアンモニウムイオンとカリウムイオンにより、プライマーのアニーリングにおける特異性が増加。K+ はDNA バックボーンのリン酸基(P–)に結合し、テンプレートへのプライマー·アニーリングを安定化する。サーマルサイクリング条件下では、アンモニウムイオンおよびアンモニアの両方として存在するNH4+は、塩基(B)間の水素結合に相互作用するため、ミスマッチの塩基間の水素結合を不安定にする。これら2 種類の陽イオンの組み合わせ効果により、幅広い温度範囲において非特異的なプライマー·テンプレート結合に対して特異的な結合の比率が高く保たれる。
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