Type-it HRM PCR Kit

For fast and accurate detection of gene mutations and SNPs by High-Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis

S_1084_5_GEN_V2

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Type-it HRM PCR Kit (400)

Cat. No. / ID:  206544

For 400 x 25 μl reactions: 4 x 1.3 ml of 2x HRM PCR Master Mix (contains HotStarTaq Plus DNA Polymerase, EvaGreen Dye, optimized concentration of Q-solution, dNTPs, and MgCl2) and RNase-Free Water
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The Type-it HRM PCR Kit is intended for molecular biology applications. This product is not intended for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of a disease.

✓ 24/7 automatic processing of online orders

✓ Knowledgeable and professional Product & Technical Support

✓ Fast and reliable (re)-ordering

Features

  • Reliable and accurate detection of subtle sequence variations
  • Highly suited for use with any cycler with HRM capabilities
  • Distinct melting curves due to novel EvaGreen fluorescent dye
  • Easy development of reliable new HRM genotyping assays
  • Convenient master mix format and optimized protocols

Product Details

The Type-it HRM PCR Kit provides a reliable solution for fast and accurate genotyping via HRM analysis. The kit is optimized to even enable successful analysis of genomic loci that are difficult to amplify. The kit is highly suitable for mutation scanning and can be used to screen samples for unknown mutations. Development of new HRM genotyping assays is easy and straightforward. Specific amplification products, reduced nonspecific amplification, and reliable results are consistently ensured — time-consuming optimization of PCR parameters is no longer required. This leads to standardization and flexibility, in addition to substantial time and cost savings. The kit is compatible with all real-time instruments suitable for HRM analysis, such as the Rotor-Gene Q, the Rotor-Gene 6000, the LightCycler 480, and the Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast System.

Performance

The Type-it HRM PCR Kit is validated for accurate resolution of sequence variations and is highly suitable for unambiguous allelic discrimination using innovative HRM technology. With HRM technology, previously unknown and even complex sequence variations, as seen in challenging genotyping applications, can be readily detected and characterized in an easy and straightforward way (see figure " Highly accurate genotyping").

Reliable and accurate detection of subtle sequence variations

The master mix provided with the kit contains the novel double-stranded DNA-binding fluorescent dye, EvaGreen, and includes an optimized HRM buffer, HotStarTaq Plus DNA Polymerase, Q-Solution, and dNTPs. Together, these components ensure PCR specificity and provide reliable results, even with difficult genomic loci. The Type-it HRM PCR Kit outperformed kits tested from other suppliers and enables amplification of even the most challenging subtle sequence differences. The unique composition of the Type-it HRM PCR Buffer ensures highly stringent and targeted primer binding compared to other commercially available HRM master mix chemistries (see figure " Highly specific and successful amplification of difficult genomic loci"). In contrast to kits from other suppliers, the Type-it HRM PCR Kit delivers consistent performance at the first attempt on all real-time instruments tested, ensuring highly accurate detection of even Class IV SNPs (see figure " Successful genotyping of an A/T Class IV SNP") and gene mutations (see figure " Successful typing of gene mutations"). These advantages also result in significant time and cost savings by minimizing the number of samples that need to be retested.

Fast and easy mutation scanning

Highly reliable mutation scanning can be performed with the Type-it HRM PCR Kit. Unknown gene mutations (insertions and deletions) are readily detected and reliably distinguished, resulting in distinct melting curves (see figure " Successful mutation scanning").

See figures

Principle

HRM is a closed-tube, post-PCR analysis method that has raised enormous scientific interest. HRM characterizes double-stranded PCR products based on their dissociation (melting) behavior as they transition from double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with increasing temperature. PCR products can be discriminated according to sequence, length, GC content, or strand complementarity, down to single base pair changes. Previously unknown and even complex sequence variations as seen in challenging genotyping applications can be easily analyzed (see figure " Highly accurate genotyping"). HRM is easier and more cost-effective than probe-based genotyping analysis and, unlike conventional methods, it prevents carry-over contamination of PCR products.

The unique kit components ensure highly specific amplification (see table).

Novel EvaGreen dye for distinct melting curves

The Type-it HRM PCR Kit contains EvaGreen, a third-generation, saturating fluorescent dye which selectively binds to double-stranded DNA. In contrast to conventional SYBR® Green I, EvaGreen can be used at higher concentrations without PCR inhibition and shows equal binding affinity for GC-rich and AT-rich regions with no apparent sequence preference. This makes EvaGreen highly suitable for HRM analysis of all types of PCR products, enabling distinct melting curves due to visualization of lower fluorescent differences, thereby ensuring standardized results.

Optimized HRM PCR Master Mix

HRM PCR Master Mix consists of HotStarTaq Plus DNA Polymerase and an innovative HRM PCR buffer system, both of which enable highly specific amplification and distinct melting curves of even difficult genomic loci such as Class IV SNPs (see figure " Successful genotyping of an A/T Class IV SNP"). Specific amplification of the desired PCR product is ensured and generation of nonspecific products and formation of primer–dimers is minimized, if not eliminated (see figure " Successful typing of gene mutations").

The innovative buffer (included in the master mix) maintains specific amplification in every cycle of PCR by promoting a high ratio of specific-to-nonspecific primer binding during the annealing step in each PCR cycle. Owing to a uniquely balanced combination of KCl and (NH4)2SO4, the buffer provides stringent primer-annealing conditions over a wider range of annealing temperatures and Mg2+ concentrations than conventional PCR buffers. Optimization of PCR by varying the annealing temperature or the Mg2+ concentration is therefore often minimal or not required.

Suitable for difficult mutation loci

The Type-it HRM PCR Kit is a powerful system for easy detection of difficult mutation loci (see figure " Highly specific and successful amplification of difficult genomic loci"). Mutations or SNPs located in GC-rich regions or regions of high secondary structure are difficult to amplify using conventional HRM PCR solutions. The 2x HRM PCR Master Mix includes the innovative PCR additive, Q-Solution, at a defined concentration to help overcome these challenges. Q-Solution improves PCR by modifying the melting behavior of DNA, resulting in successful amplification even of difficult target sequences without the need for optimization.

Features of the Type-it HRM PCR Kit
ContentsBenefits
2x HRM PCR Master Mix Eliminates the need for optimization in the development of new assays
Specially developed for HRM analysis of mutations and SNPs
Dedicated for use with all cyclers suitable for HRM analysis
Convenient reaction setup, minimizing pipetting errors
HotStarTaq Plus DNA Polymerase Highly specific amplification
Fast and easy room-temperature reaction setup
Type-it HRM PCR Buffer Distinct melting curves
Increased amplification specificity
Q-Solution Improves amplification of difficult templates
EvaGreen Dye Novel, saturating dsDNA-binding dye
Distinct melting curve analysis
See figures

Procedure

The Type-it HRM PCR Kit includes dedicated, application-specific protocols, preoptimized for use with various real-time cyclers such as the Rotor-Gene Q, Rotor-Gene 6000, and LightCycler 480. In addition, the Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast System and Applied Biosystems 7900 can also be used with the optimized protocols provided with the kit. A detailed protocol is available on our Web site.

Fast-cycling procedure and easy-to-develop HRM assays for straightforward results

The unique features of the Type-it HRM PCR Buffer and optimized protocols provided with the kit ensure successful HRM genotyping results at the first attempt. Lengthy optimization of reaction parameters is not required and new HRM genotyping assays can be quickly and easily standardized and implemented into routine research (see figure " Successful HRM analysis without the need for optimization"). In addition, the fast cycling protocol of the Type-it HRM PCR Kit increases throughput by shortening PCR run times, enabling accurate results to be achieved faster.

Convenient kit format

The kit is provided in a ready-to-use, preoptimized master mix format for greater convenience. Use of a master mix saves time, simplifies handling for reaction setup, and increases reproducibility by eliminating many possible sources of pipetting errors and contamination —  pipetting steps are minimized and tedious calculations are eliminated. Room-temperature reaction setup using the master mix is fast and easy. HotStarTaq Plus DNA Polymerase (included in the master mix) is activated by a 5-minute, 95°C incubation step, which can easily be incorporated into existing thermal cycling programs. 

See figures

Applications

The Type-it HRM PCR Kit can be used for several applications such as:

  • Detection of deletions, insertions, and translocations
  • Scanning for gene mutations
  • SNP genotyping
  • Detection and discrimination of microbial variants

The Type-it HRM PCR Kit is a universal tool applicable in a range of research fields, including:

  • Typing of disease and cancer loci
  • Biomarker discovery
  • Disease association studies
  • Typing of transgenic plants and animals
  • Pathogen detection and genotyping

Supporting data and figures

Specifications

FeaturesSpecifications
ApplicationsDetection of SNPs, mutations and mutation scanning
Product useFunctionally validated and developed for reliable detection of genetic differences using HRM
Reaction typePCR amplification
Enzyme activity5'-> 3' Exonuclease activity
With or without ROXWithout ROX
Sequence specific ProbeNot necessary, EvaGreen dye for detection included in the Mastermix
Sample/target typeGenomic DNA
With/without hotstartWith
MastermixYes
Real-time or endpointBoth

Resources

Brochures & Guides (2)
Second edition — innovative tools
Addressing critical factors and new solutions
Kit Handbooks (1)
Certificates of Analysis (1)

FAQ

Why is EvaGreen instead of SYBR Green used as fluorescent dye in the Type-it HRM PCR Kit?

The Type-it HRM PCR Kit uses EvaGreen as this is a dsDNA saturating dye enabling more distinct melting curves for High-resolution melting experiments compared to SYBR Green dye.

 

 

 

 

FAQ ID -2196
How do I setup and validate a multiplex PCR assay with QIAGEN PCR kits?

Ensure PCR amplicons are as short as possible, ideally 60–150 bp. Always use the same algorithm or software to design the primers and probes. For optimal results, only combine assays that have been designed using the same parameters.

 

Check the functionality of each set of primers and probes in individual assays before combining the different sets in the multiplex assay. Choose compatible reporters and quenchers based on a specific instrument. See How do I select appropriate reporter and quencher combinations for multiplex PCR.

 

FAQ ID -9093
How does template quality influence the results with the Type-it HRM PCR Kit?

Minimal template variability from sample to sample is essential for reliable HRM analysis with the Type-it HRM PCR Kit. Traces of salts or varying elution buffers will influence the melting behaviour of the amplified DNA. Therefore, an identical extraction procedure for all samples should be selected.

FAQ ID -2197
Can I use uracil-N-glycosylase (UNG) with the QuantiFast and Rotor-Gene PCR kits?

No. UNG treatment does not provide any advantage for the QuantiFast and Rotor-Gene PCR kits because the mastermixes do not contain dUTP. Use the QuantiTect kits if you intend to use the UNG treatment.

FAQ ID -9092
Why do I see multiple high-intensity peaks in my qPCR dissociation curve at temperatures less than 70ºC?

If the extra peaks seem irregular or noisy, do not occur in all samples, and occur at temperatures less than 70 ºC, then these peaks may not represent real PCR products and instead may represent artifacts caused by instrument settings.

 

Usually extra peaks caused by secondary products are smooth and regular, occur reproducibly in most samples, and occur at temperatures greater than 70 ºC. Characterization of the product by agarose gel electrophoresis is the best way to distinguish between these cases. If only one band appears by agarose gel then the extra peaks in the dissociation curve are instrument artifacts and not real products. If this is the case, refer to the thermal cycler user manual, and confirm that all instrument settings (smooth factor, etc.) are set to their optimal values.

 

FAQ ID -90990
How do I quantify gene expression levels if the amplification efficiencies are different between the genes of interest and endogenous reference gene?

The REST 2009 (Relative Expression Software Tool) software applies mathematic models that compensate for the different PCR efficiencies of the gene of interest and reference genes. In addition, the software can use multiple reference gene normalization to improve the reliability of result, as well as provides statistical information suitable for robust comparison of expression in groups of treated and untreated. QIAGEN offers the REST 2009 software free of charge.

FAQ ID -9095
What do I do if no fluorescent signal is detected in a real-time PCR assay?

Check the template quality and integrity by amplifying an endogenous control gene. Check the amplicon by QIAxcel Advanced system or agarose gel electrophoresis to show that amplification was successful.

 

Determine whether the gene of interest is expressed in your sample. See How can I find out if my gene of interest is express in a specific tissue type or cell line.  Ensure the assay setup and cycling conditions are correct, and that the data collection channel matches the emission wavelength of the fluorescent dye used. Use a control sample in which the gene of interest is definitely expressed.

 

If the issue persists, please send the original run file to QIAGEN Technical Services.

FAQ ID -9091
How do I select appropriate reporter and quencher combinations for multiplex PCR?

For duplex analysis, using non-fluorescent quenchers (e.g., Black Hole Quencher®) is preferred over fluorescent quenchers (e.g., TAMRA fluorescent dye). For triplex and 4-plex analysis, QIAGEN strongly recommends using non-fluorescent quenchers. Generally, use the green channel, the yellow channel, and the orange and crimson channels to detect the least abundant target, the second least abundant target, and the two most abundant targets, respectively. For instrument-specific recommendations, please see the handbooks for the QuantiTect Multiplex PCR kit, QuantiFast Multiplex kit or Rotor-Gene Multiplex kit.

 

FAQ ID -9094
Can I skip the gDNA wipeout buffer treatment step for the QuantiTect Reverse Transcription Kit?

The gDNA wipeout buffer incubation step can be skipped when the total RNA is free from genomic DNA. However, the gDNA wipeout buffer is still required to be added because the reverse transcription step is optimized in the presence of components in the gDNA wipeout buffer.

FAQ ID -9098
3320 - What is the sensitivity of the Type-it HRM PCR Kit?

A deletion or insertion of more than 2 base pairs can be usually detected in a background of 85-95% wild-type DNA using the Type-it HRM PCR Kit.

How should I handle and store absolute quantitation standards for real-time experiments?
Store the standards at a high concentration in aliquots at -20oC to -70oC. If using low concentrations, stabilize standards with carrier nucleic acid. It is always best to use freshly diluted standards for each experiment. If possible, use siliconized tubes for standard (and target) dilutions. This will prevent any unspecific binding of nucleic acids to the plastic.
FAQ ID -9099
How do I ensure reliable results for High Resolution Melting (HRM) assays?

Reliable HRM analysis results depend on template quality, highly specific HRM PCR kit with a saturation dye, a real-time instrument with HRM capability, and powerful software package. Factors critical for successful HRM analysis are:

 

  • Use the same genomic DNA purification procedure for all samples being analyzed by HRM. This avoids variation due to differing composition of elution buffers.
  • DNA template concentrations should be normalized using the same dilution buffer. Ensure the CT values are below 30 and differ no more than 3 CT values across individual samples.
  • Design assays with amplicon length 70–350 bp. For SNP analysis, use amplicon length 70–150 bp.
  • Always start with 0.7 µM primer concentration

 

For more details, please refer to the HRM Technology – FAQs and the Critical Success Factor for HRM performance.

FAQ ID -9097
How do I avoid collecting a fluorescence reading from primer-dimer with the QuantiTect SYBR Green PCR Kit?

Depending on primer design and copy number of target, primer-dimer may occur and its signal might be detected. Typical strategies against this are to optimize PCR conditions and/or redesign the assay.

 

Alternatively, an additional data-acquisition step can be added to the 3-step cycling protocol. First, determine the melting temperatures (Tm) for both the amplicon and the primer-dimer. Then, add a 15 second data-acquisition step with a temperature that is higher than the primer-dimer Tm, but approximately 3ºC lower than the specific amplicon Tm.

FAQ ID -9096